CentOS yum源设定使用方法的整理

　2010-05-12 19:23:25　来源：WEB开发网　　　

核心提示：CentOS yum更新了很多版本更新，我本人认为CentOS yum很好使的文件系统，CentOS yum源设定使用方法的整理，在此向大家推荐CentOS应该是做为服务器的linux的佼佼者，CentOS采用的二进制包是rpm，1.yum的使用: 1)包的更新 1.1)检查可更新包: yum check-upda

CentOS yum更新了很多版本更新，我本人认为CentOS yum很好使的文件系统，在此向大家推荐CentOS应该是做为服务器的linux的佼佼者。CentOS采用的二进制包是rpm，不过包的依赖性解决有时候却是个问题。

我比较喜欢debian的apt,非常方便。以前以为RedHat linux没这么方便，后来发现CentOS yum是个不错的东西。CentOS yum的使用和apt有几分相似，这样一来对于许多包的安装就方便多了。

这篇文章主要讲两点内容，一是CentOS yum使用方法的整理;二是找一个比较快的国内的源，这样一来，CentOS yum的大体使用过程就解决了。

1.yum的使用:  
1)包的更新  
1.1)检查可更新包: yum check-update  
1.2)更新所有包: yum update  
1.3)更新指定包: yum update package_name  
1.4)版本升级: yum upgrade  
2)包安装与删除  
2.1)yum install package_name  
2.2)yum remove package_name  
3)包搜索  
3.1)搜索特定包: yum search package_name  
3.2)搜索包含特定文件名的包:yum provides name  
4)包列表  
4.1)列出所有安装或更新的包: yum list  
4.2)列出指定包:yum list name  
4.3)列出可更新包:yum list updates  
4.4)列出已安装包:yum list installed  
4.5)列出已安装但不包含在资源库中的包:yum list extras

CentOS yum源设定

2.1)加快yum下载速度: yum -y install yum-fastestmirror
在CentOs 4上名字叫做yum-plugin-fastestmirror  
2.2)yum源文件:/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo  
2.3)CentOS 5的yum源设为上海交通大学网站  
CentOS-Base.repo  
[base]  
name=CentOS-5 - Base  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&  
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/  
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5  
#released updates  
[update]  
name=CentOS-5 - Updates  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/updates/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5  
#packages used/produced in the build but not released  
[addons]  
name=CentOS-5 - Addons  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/addons/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5  
#additional packages that may be useful  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-5 - Extras  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/extras/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5  
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-5 - Plus  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/centosplus/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5  
#contrib - packages by Centos Users  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib  
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/contrib/$basearch/  
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

a.执行64位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-532位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5b.

执行 yum update.2.4)设置CentOS yum源为国内服务器

# CentOS-Base.repo  
#  
# This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.  
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the  
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and  
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates  
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.  
#  
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the  
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.  
#  
[base]  
name=CentOS-5 - Base  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
#released updates  
[update]  
name=CentOS-5 - Updates  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/updates/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
#packages used/produced in the build but not released  
[addons]  
name=CentOS-5 - Addons  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/addons/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that may be useful  
[extras]  
name=CentOS-5 - Extras  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/extras/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages  
[centosplus]  
name=CentOS-5 - Plus  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/centosplus/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#contrib - packages by Centos Users  
[contrib]  
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/contrib/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#packages in testing  
[testing]  
name=CentOS-5 - Testing  
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/testing/i386/  
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0