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Java 1.5新特性Enum列举的用法

 2008-01-05 09:24:32 来源:WEB开发网   
核心提示:Enum是enumeration(列举)的简写形式,包含在java.lang包中,Java 1.5新特性Enum列举的用法,熟悉C, C++,package net.javagarage.enums;/*File: EnumDemo.javaPurpose: show how to use an enum that a

Enum是enumeration(列举)的简写形式,包含在java.lang包中。熟悉C, C++, C#, 或 Pascal人应该对列举有所了解,先看个例子:

public enum Season { winter, sPRing, summer, fall }

一个enum是定义一组值的对象,它可以包括零个或多个值成员。它是属于enum类型的,一个enum对象中不可有两个或多个相同的属性或值。在次之前的java程序员一般是 用接口的方法实现列举的,如 :

public interface Season {

static winter = 0;

static spring = 1; //etc……

}

引入了enum的java的列举的编写方便了许多,只须定义一个enum型的对象。enum对象的值都回自动获得一个数字值,从0开始,依次递增。看一个比较简单的enum实现的例子:

EnumDemo.java

package net.javagarage.enums;

/*

We can loop over the values we put into the enum

using the values() method.

Note that the enum Seasons is compiled into a

separate unit, called EnumDemo$Seasons.class

*/

public class EnumDemo {

/*declare the enum and add values to it. note that, like in C#, we don't use a ; to

end this statement and we use commas to separate the values */

private enum Seasons { winter, spring,

summer, fall }

//list the values

public static void main(String[] args) {

for (Seasons s : Seasons.values()){

System.out.println(s);

}

}

}运行上述代码你回得到 以下结果:

winter

spring

summer

fall


Enum的属性调用:

下面的代码展示了调用enum对象的方法,这也是它通常的用法:

package net.javagarage.enums;

/*

File: EnumSwitch.java

Purpose: show how to switch against the values in an enum.

*/

public class EnumSwitch {

private enum Color { red, blue, green }

//list the values

public static void main(String[] args) {

//refer to the qualified value

doIt(Color.red);

}

/*note that you switch against the UNQUALIFIED name. that is, "case Color.red:" is a

compiler error */

private static void doIt(Color c){

switch (c) {

case red:

System.out.println("value is " + Color.red);

break;

case green:

System.out.println("value is " + Color.green);

break;

case blue:

System.out.println("value is : " + Color.blue);

break;

default :

System.out.println("default");

}

}


为enums添加属性和方法

enums也可以象一般的类一样添加方法和属性,你可以为它添加静态和非静态的属性或方法,这一切都象你在一般的类中做的那样。

package net.javagarage.enums;

/*

File: EnumDemo.java

Purpose: show how to use an enum that also defines its own fields and methods

*/

public class EnumWithMethods {

//declare the enum and add values to it.

public enum Season {

winter, spring, summer, fall;


Tags:Java 特性 Enum

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