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J2ME与Web Service-KSOAP的快速上手

 2008-01-05 08:56:58 来源:WEB开发网   
核心提示: 1、服务端这次要发布的web service非常简单,它的功能是把从客户端传入的字符串中的小写字母转变成大写字母,J2ME与Web Service-KSOAP的快速上手,再返回给客户端,Soap 服务器采用apache的AXIS(可以从http://ws.apache


1、服务端

这次要发布的web service非常简单。它的功能是把从客户端传入的字符串中的小写字母转变成大写字母,再返回给客户端。

Soap 服务器采用apache的AXIS(可以从http://ws.apache.org/axis/下载),应用服务器可以选用各种servlet 容器,我这里采用的是weblogic。

1.1 实现类的源代码:


// StringPRocessor.java
package com.jagie.j2me.ws;

public class StringProcessor
{
 public StringProcessor()
 {
 }

 public String process(String name)
 {
  return name.toUpperCase();
 }

}

1.2 发布步骤

1.预备一个目录作为web application的发布目录,我这里的这个目录叫jagiews,这个目录的全路径中最好不要有空格和中文。我的发布目录结构如下:

2.编译StringProcessor.java,把生成的StringProcessor.class置于: \jagiews\WEB-INF\classes\com\jagie\j2me\ws目录下。

3.在jagiews\WEB-INF\lib 文件夹中置入以下axis服务器需要的jar文件 axis.jar,axis-ant.jar,commons-discovery.jar,commons-logging.jar,jaxrpc.jar,log4j-1.2.8.jar,saaj.jar ,wsdl4j.jar。这些文件可以在http://ws.apache.org/axis/下载。

4.在jagiews\WEB-INF目录下增加2个发布描述文件:
server-config.wsdd,web.xml。
#server-config.wsdd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<deployment xmlns=
"http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/"
xmlns:java=
"http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java">
<globalConfiguration>
 <parameter name=
 "adminPassWord" value="admin"/>
 <parameter name=
 "attachments.Directory"
 value="C:\Program Files
 \Apache Tomcat 4.0\webapps
 \axis\WEB-INF\attachments"/>
 <parameter name=
 "attachments.implementation"
 value="org.apache.axis.
 attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/>
 <parameter name=
 "sendXsiTypes"
 value="true"/>
 <parameter name=
 "sendMultiRefs"
 value="true"/>
 <parameter name=
 "sendXMLDeclaration"
 value="true"/>
 <parameter name=
 "axis.sendMinimizedElements"
 value="true"/>
 <requestFlow>
  <handler type=
  "java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">
  <parameter
name="scope"
value="session"/>
  </handler>
  <handler type=
  "java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">
  <parameter
name="scope"
value="request"/>
  <parameter
name="extension"
value=".jwr"/>
  </handler>
 </requestFlow>
</globalConfiguration>
<handler name=
"LocalResponder"
type="java:org.apache.axis.
transport.local.LocalResponder"/>
<handler name="URLMapper"
type="java:org.apache.axis.
handlers.http.URLMapper"/>
<handler name="RPCDispatcher"
type="java:org.apache.axis.
providers.java.RPCProvider"/>
<handler name="Authenticate"
type="java:org.apache.axis.
handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/>
<handler name="MsgDispatcher"
type="java:org.apache.axis.
providers.java.MsgProvider"/>

<service name="AdminService"
provider="java:MSG">
 <parameter name="allowedMethods"
 value="AdminService"/>
 <parameter name="enableRemoteAdmin"
 value="false"/>
 <parameter name="className"
 value="org.apache.axis.utils.Admin"/>
 <namespace>
 http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/
 </namespace>
</service>
<service name="Version"
provider="java:RPC">
 <parameter name="allowedMethods"
 value="getVersion"/>
 <parameter name="className"
 value="org.apache.axis.Version"/>
</service>
<!-- your service begin-->
 <service name="StringProcess"
 provider="java:RPC">
 <parameter name="allowedMethods"
 value="process"/>
 <parameter name="className"
 value="com.jagie.j2me.
 ws.StringProcessor"/>
</service>
<!-- your service end -->
<transport name="http">
 <requestFlow>
  <handler type="URLMapper"/>
  <handler type=
  "java:org.apache.axis.handlers.
  http.HTTPAuthHandler"/>
 </requestFlow>
</transport>
<transport name="local">
 <responseFlow>
  <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.
  transport.local.LocalResponder"/>
 </responseFlow>
</transport>
</deployment>

# web.xml

<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app
  PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems,
Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
  "http://java.sun.com
/j2ee/dtds/web-app_2.2.dtd">

<web-app>
 <display-name>Apache-Axis</display-name>
 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  <display-name>Apache-Axis
Servlet</display-name>
  <servlet-class>
    org.apache.axis.transport.http.AxisServlet
  </servlet-class>
 </servlet>

 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>
  <display-name>Axis Admin Servlet</display-name>
  <servlet-class>
    org.apache.axis.transport.http.AdminServlet
  </servlet-class>
  <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>

 <servlet>
  <servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>
  <display-name>SOAPMonitorService</display-name>
  <servlet-class>
    org.apache.axis.monitor.SOAPMonitorService
  </servlet-class>
  <init-param>
   <param-name>SOAPMonitorPort</param-name>
   <param-value>5001</param-value>
  </init-param>
  <load-on-startup>100</load-on-startup>
 </servlet>

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/servlet/AxisServlet</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>*.jws</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>AxisServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>

 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>SOAPMonitorService</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/SOAPMonitor</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>

<!-- uncomment this if you want the admin servlet -->
<!--
 <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>AdminServlet</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/servlet/AdminServlet
</url-pattern>
 </servlet-mapping>
-->

  <!-- currently the W3C havent settled
on a media type for WSDL;
  http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/
WD-wsdl12-20030303/#ietf-draft
  for now we go with the basic
''it''s XML'' response -->
 <mime-mapping>
  <extension>wsdl</extension>
   <mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>
 </mime-mapping>
 <mime-mapping>
  <extension>xsd</extension>
  <mime-type>text/xml</mime-type>
 </mime-mapping>
</web-app>




5.开启你的application server,把目录jagiews发布为一个名叫jagiews的web application。

6.测试:打开浏览器,输入网址(这里使用的是weblogic,其他的服务器请酌情修改): http://localhost:7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess?method=process&name=QQqq,假如浏览器能在返回的xml文档中显示字符串"QQQQ",恭喜你,你的web service发布成功了。假如发布不成功,请按以上发布步骤检查一下。

2、客户端

客户端自然是用MIDlet了,不过用什么方式来访问web service呢?其实有3种访问方式

直接用HttpConnection访问 http://localhost:7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess?method=process&name=qqqq,得到xml的返回数据,然后用kxml(http://kxml.enhydra.org/)解析,得到返回值。

假如你的手机支持MIDP2.0的话,可以考虑使用JSR172。

用ksoap api。

这里讲述第三种方式。使用之前,你需要从 http://ksoap.enhydra.org/software/downloads/index.Html下载稳定的ksoap包,置于你的classpath中。

2.1 客户端源代码

2.1.1 WSClientMIDlet.java


package com.jagie.j2me.ws;

import javax.microedition.midlet.*;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;

/**
* <p>Title: </p>
* <p>Description: </p>
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c)
2004</p>
* <p>Company: </p>
* @author not attributable
* @version 1.0
*/

public class WSClientMIDlet
  extends MIDlet
{
 static WSClientMIDlet instance;

 public WSClientMIDlet()
 {
  instance = this;
 }

 public void startApp()
 {
  Display display=
Display.getDisplay(this);
  DisplayForm displayable =
new DisplayForm();
  display.setCurrent(displayable);

 }

 public void pauseApp()
 {
 }

 public void destroyApp
 (boolean unconditional)
 {
 }

 public static void quitApp()
 {
  instance.destroyApp(true);
  instance.notifyDestroyed();
  instance = null;
 }

}




2.1.2 DisplayForm.java


package com.jagie.j2me.ws;
import javax.microedition.lcdui.*;
/**
* <p>Title: </p>
* <p>Description: </p>
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c)
2004</p>
* <p>Company: </p>
* @author not attributable
* @version 1.0
*/

public class DisplayForm
  extends Form
  implements CommandListener,
Runnable
{
 private TextField textField1;
 private Thread t;

 public DisplayForm()
 {
  super("字符转换webservice测试");

  try
{
   jbInit();
  }
  catch (Exception e)
{
   e.printStackTrace();
  }


 }

 private void jbInit()
 throws Exception
 {
  // Set up this Displayable
to listen to command events
  textField1 = new TextField
("", "", 15, TextField.ANY);
  this.setCommandListener(this);
  textField1.setLabel
("待处理的字符串是:");
  textField1.setConstraints
(TextField.ANY);
  textField1.setInitialInputMode
("Tester");
  setCommandListener(this);
  // add the Exit command
  addCommand(new Command
("Exit", Command.EXIT, 1));
  addCommand(new Command
("Process", Command.OK, 1));
  this.append(textField1);
 }

 public void commandAction
 (Command command,
 Displayable displayable)
 {

  if (command.getCommandType
() == Command.EXIT)
{
   WSClientMIDlet.quitApp();
  }
  else if (command.getCommandType()
== Command.OK)
{
   t = new Thread(this);
   t.start();
  }
 }

 public void run()
 {
  String s1 =
textField1.getString();
  String s2 =
new StringProcessorStub().process(s1);
  StringItem resultItem =
new StringItem("处理后的字符串是:", s2);
  this.append(resultItem);
}
}




2.1.3 StringProcessorStub.java


package com.jagie.j2me.ws;

import org.ksoap.*;
import org.ksoap.transport.HttpTransport;

/**
* <p>Title: </p>
* <p>Description: </p>
* <p>Copyright: Copyright (c) 2004</p>
* <p>Company: </p>
* @author not attributable
* @version 1.0
*/

 public class StringProcessorStub
 {
  public StringProcessorStub()
{
 }

 public String process(String name)
 {
  String result = null;
  try
{

   SoapObject rpc =
  new SoapObject
  ("http://localhost:
7001/jagiews/services/StringProcess",
"process");

   rpc.addProperty("name", name);

   HttpTransport ht =
  new HttpTransport
  ("http://localhost:7001/
jagiews/services/StringProcess",
"");

   result = (String) ht.call(rpc);

  }
  catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }

  return result;

 }
}


总结

有了ksoap,手机上调用web service就很轻易了。不过要注重的是,使用网络连接这种费时操作的时候,一定要单独开线程进行,不要直接写在commandAction()方法里,否则出现画面被锁住的情况。


Tags:JME Web Service

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