Java NIO Chapter1 Learning Tips
2008-01-05 09:04:21 来源：WEB开发网 闂傚倸鍊搁崐鎼佸磹閹间礁纾归柟闂寸绾惧綊鏌熼梻瀵割槮缁炬儳缍婇弻鐔兼⒒鐎靛壊妲紒鎯у⒔閹虫捇鈥旈崘顏佸亾閿濆簼绨绘い鎺嬪灪閵囧嫰骞囬姣挎捇鏌熸笟鍨妞ゎ偅绮撳畷鍗炍旈埀顒勭嵁婵犲嫮纾介柛灞捐壘閳ь剛鎳撻～婵嬪Ω閳轰胶鐤呯紓浣割儐椤戞瑩宕ョ€ｎ喗鐓曟い鎰靛亝缁舵氨绱撻崘鈺傜婵﹤顭峰畷鎺戔枎閹搭厽袦婵犵數濮崑鎾绘⒑椤掆偓缁夌敻骞嗛悙鍝勭婵烇綆鍓欐俊鑲╃磼閹邦収娈滈柡灞糕偓鎰佸悑閹肩补鈧尙鏁栧┑鐐村灦閹稿摜绮旈悽绋课﹂柛鏇ㄥ灠閸愨偓濡炪倖鍔﹀鈧繛宀婁邯濮婅櫣绱掑Ο璇茶敿闂佺ǹ娴烽弫璇差嚕婵犳碍鏅插璺猴工瀹撳棝姊虹紒妯哄缂佷焦鎸冲畷鎴﹀箻鐠囧弶宓嶅銈嗘尰缁嬫垶绂嶉悙顒佸弿婵☆垳鍘ф禍楣冩倵濮樼偓瀚�
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核心提示：1.java.io效率低的原因But in most cases, Java applications have not truly been I/O bound in the sense that the Operating system couldn't shuttle data fast enough t
1.java.io效率低的原因
But in most cases, Java applications have not truly been I/O bound in the sense that the Operating system couldn't shuttle data fast enough to keep them busy. Instead, the JVMs have not been doing I/O efficiently. There's an impedance mismatch between the operating system and the Java stream-based I/O model. The operating system wants to move data in large chunks (buffers), often with the assistance of hardware Direct Memory access (DMA). The I/O classes of the JVM like to operate on small pieces — single bytes, or lines of text. This means that the operating system delivers buffers full of
data that the stream classes of java.io spend a lot of time breaking down into little pieces, often copying each piece between several layers of objects. The operating system wants to deliver data by the trUCkload. The java.io classes want to PRocess data by the shovelful. NIO makes it easier to back the truck right up to where you can make direct use of the data (a ByteBuffer object).
2.NIO中的解决方案概况
The java.nio package provides new abstractions to address this problem. The Channel and Selector classes in particular provide generic APIs to I/O services that were not reachable prior to JDK 1.4. The TANSTAAFL principle still applies: you won't be able to access every feature of every operating system, but these new classes provide a powerful new framework that encompasses the high-performance I/O features commonly available on commercial operating systems today. Additionally, a new Service Provider Interface (SPI) is provided in java.nio.channels.spi that allows you to plug in new types of channels and selectors without violating compliance with the specifications.
TANSTAAFL principle----------- There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch.
3.FileIO
In older operating systems, this usually meant issuing a command directly to the disk driver to read the needed disk sectors. But in modern, paged operating systems, the filesystem takes advantage of demand paging to bring data into memory.
3.1FileLocking
While the name "file locking" implies locking an entire file (and that is often done), locking is usually available at a finer-grained level. File regions are usually locked, with granularity down to the byte level. Locks are associated with a particular file, beginning at a specific byte location within that file and running for a specific range of bytes. This is
important because it allows many processes to coordinate access to specific areas of a file without impeding other processes working elsewhere in the file.
File locks are either advisory or mandatory.The former is used in the Most Unix and Unixlike System, while the latter is used in the Microsoft Operating System.
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