Nginx?安装配置

一、) 安装Nginx
1.) 安装
Nginx发音为[engine x]，是由俄罗斯人Igor Sysoev建立的项目,基于BSD许可。据说他当初是F5的成员之一，英文主页：http://nginx.net。俄罗斯的一些大网站已经使用它超过两年多了，一直表现不凡。

在这里，需要说明一下，由于Nginx的配置文件中我想用到正则，所以需要 pcre 模块的支持。

可以到这里下载一个http://www.pcre.org/

解压再cp到和nginx同一个目录上
Nginx的编译参数如下：

tar zxvf nginx-0.5.33.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.5.33/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module? --with-pcre=../pcre-6.6
make && make install

2.) 修改配置文件 /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
以下是我的 nginx.conf 内容，仅供参考：

#运行用户
user? nobody nobody;

#启动进程 一般和cpu数对等,压力大的也可以调高点
worker_processes? 2;

#全局错误日志及PID文件
error_log? logs/error.log notice;
pid??????? logs/nginx.pid;

#工作模式及连接数上限
events {
??????? use epoll;
??????? worker_connections????? 1024;
}

#设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持
http {
??????? #设定mime类型
??????? include?????? conf/mime.types;
??????? default_type? application/octet-stream;

??????? #设定日志格式
??????? log_format main???????? '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$gzip_ratio"';

??????? log_format download '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
??????????????????????????????????????????????? '"$http_range" "$sent_http_content_range"';

??????? #设定请求缓冲
??????? client_header_buffer_size??? 1k;
??????? large_client_header_buffers? 4 4k;

??????? #开启gzip模块
??????? gzip on;
??????? gzip_min_length? 1100;
??????? gzip_buffers???? 4 8k;
??????? gzip_types?????? text/plain;

??????? output_buffers?? 1 32k;
??????? postpone_output? 1460;

??????? #设定access log
??????? access_log? logs/access.log? main;

??????? client_header_timeout? 3m;
??????? client_body_timeout??? 3m;
??????? send_timeout?????????? 3m;

??????? sendfile??????????????? on;
??????? tcp_nopush????????????? on;
??????? tcp_nodelay???????????? on;

??????? keepalive_timeout? 65;

??????? #设定负载均衡的服务器列表
??????? upstream mysvr {
??????????????? #weigth参数表示权值，权值越高被分配到的几率越大
??????????????? #本机上的Squid开启3128端口
??????????????? server 192.168.8.1:3128 weight=5;
??????????????? server 192.168.8.2:80?? weight=1;
??????????????? server 192.168.8.3:80?? weight=6;
??????? }

??????? #设定虚拟主机
??????? server {
??????????????? listen????????? 80;
??????????????? server_name???? 192.168.8.1 www.yejr.com;

??????????????? charset gb2312;

??????????????? #设定本虚拟主机的访问日志
??????????????? access_log? logs/www.yejr.com.access.log? main;

??????????????? #如果访问 /img/*, /js/*, /css/* 资源，则直接取本地文件，不通过squid
??????????????? #如果这些文件较多，不推荐这种方式，因为通过squid的缓存效果更好
??????????????? location ~ ^/(img|js|css)/? {
??????????????????????? root??? /data3/Html;
??????????????????????? expires 24h;
??????????????? }

??????????????? #对 "/" 启用负载均衡
??????????????? location / {
??????????????????????? proxy_pass????? http://mysvr;

??????????????????????? proxy_redirect????????? off;
??????????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? Host $host;
??????????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
??????????????????????? proxy_set_header??????? X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
??????????????????????? client_max_body_size??? 10m;
??????????????????????? client_body_buffer_size 128k;
??????????????????????? proxy_connect_timeout?? 90;
??????????????????????? proxy_send_timeout????? 90;
??????????????????????? proxy_read_timeout????? 90;
??????????????????????? proxy_buffer_size?????? 4k;
??????????????????????? proxy_buffers?????????? 4 32k;
??????????????????????? proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k;
??????????????????????? proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
??????????????? }

??????????????? #设定查看Nginx状态的地址
??????????????? location /NginxStatus {
??????????????????????? stub_status???????????? on;
??????????????????????? access_log????????????? on;
??????????????????????? auth_basic????????????? "NginxStatus";
??????????????????????? auth_basic_user_file? conf/htpasswd;
??????????????? }
??????? }
}

运行以下命令检测配置文件是否无误：

? 如果没有报错，那么就可以开始运行Nginx了，执行以下命令即可：
? 备注：conf/htpasswd 文件的内容用 apache 提供的 htpasswd 工具来产生即可，内容大致如下：
? 3.) 查看 Nginx 运行状态
? 输入地址 http://192.168.8.1/NginxStatus/，输入验证帐号密码，即可看到类似如下内容：
Active connections: 328
server accepts handled requests
9309 8982 28890
Reading: 1 Writing: 3 Waiting: 324

? 第一行表示目前活跃的连接数
? 第三行的第三个数字表示Nginx运行到当前时间接受到的总请求数，如果快达到了上限，就需要加大上限值了。
? 第四行是当前处理的请求数