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Visual C++进程间数据通信的实现

 2009-10-07 20:29:24 来源:WEB开发网   
核心提示:二、编程步骤1、启动Visual C++6.0,新建一个基于对话框的MFC应用程序,Visual C++进程间数据通信的实现(2),取名为DDEdemo,添加两个Group Box控件并分别在其上放置编辑控件IDC_EDIT、静态控件ID_STATIC1、ID_STATIC2、 ID_STATIC3,如通过系统剪贴板方

二、编程步骤

1、启动Visual C++6.0,新建一个基于对话框的MFC应用程序,取名为DDEdemo,添加两个Group Box控件并分别在其上放置编辑控件IDC_EDIT、静态控件ID_STATIC1、ID_STATIC2、 ID_STATIC3,用Wizard添加对应成员变m_edit(CString类型),添加并将其Caption置空,最后的界面如图一所示;

2、使用CLASSWIZARD添加对话框函数,分别为WM_DESTORY、WM_INITDIALOG、WM_TIMER及IDC_EDIT的EN_CHANGE消息建立对应函数;

3、在DDEdemoDlg.CPP中加入#include "ddel.h"以使用DDEML函数。并添加以下宏定义和全局变量:

#define NITEM 2 //定义ITEM的数量;
const char szApp[]="Server"; //server DDE服务名;
const char szTopic[]="Topic";//Server DDE目录名;
const char *pszItem[NITEM]={"Item1","Item2"};//SERVER ITEM名称字符串数组;
int count=0;//记数,在Static1中显示;
CString ServerData[NITEM];//存放服务器中的数据项内容;
HCONV hConv=0; //会话句柄;
DWORD idlnst=0; //DDEML实例句柄;
HWND hWnd; //窗口句柄;
HANDLE hlnst; //实例句柄;
HSZ hszApp=0; //SERVER服务字符串句柄;
HSZ hszTopic=0; //SERVER目录字符串句柄;
HSZ hszItem[NITEM]; //Server ITEM字符串句柄;
BOOL bConnect; // 建立连接标志;

4、输入代码,编译运行程序。

三、程序代码

//////////////////////////////////////DDE回调函数;
HDDEDATA CALLBACK DdeCallback(UINT wType,UINT wFmt,HCONV hConv,HSZ Topic,HSZ Item,
HDDEDATA hData,DWORD lData1,DWORD lData2)
{
 int I ;
 char tmp[255];
 switch(wType)
 {
  case XTYP_ADVSTART:
  case XTYP_CONNECT://请求连接;
   return ((HDDEDATA)TRUE);//允许;
  case XTYP_ADVDATA: //有数据到来;
   for(I=0;I<NITEM;I++)
    if(Item==hszItem[I])
    {
     DdeGetData(hData,(PBYTE)tmp,255,0);//取得数据;
     switch(I)
     {
      case 0:
       SetDlgItemText(hWnd,IDC_STATIC2,tmp);
       break;
      case 1:
       SetDlgItemText(hWnd,IDC_STATIC3,tmp);
       break;
     }
    }
   return ((HDDEDATA)DDE_FACK);//回执;
  case XTYP_ADVREQ:
  case XTYP_REQUEST://数据请求;
   for(I=0;I<NITEM;I++)
    if(Item==hszItem[I])
     return(DdeCreateDataHandle(idlnst,(PBYTE)(LPCTSTR)ServerData[I],
       ServerData[I].GetLength()+1,0,Item,wFmt,0));
 }
 return(0);
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////// CddedemoDlg.cpp
CDdedemoDlg::CDdedemoDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/)
: CDialog(CDdedemoDlg::IDD, pParent)
{
 //{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CDdedemoDlg)
  m_edit = _T("");
 //}}AFX_DATA_INIT
 // Note that LoadIcon does not require a subsequent DestroyIcon in Win32
 m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
}
void CDdedemoDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{
 CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);
 //{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CDdedemoDlg)
  DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT1, m_edit);
 //}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CDdedemoDlg, CDialog)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CDdedemoDlg)
 ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()
 ON_WM_PAINT()
 ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()
 ON_WM_TIMER()
 ON_WM_DESTROY()
 ON_EN_CHANGE(IDC_EDIT1, OnChangeEdit1)
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

//////////////////////////////////////////CDdedemoDlg message handlers
BOOL CDdedemoDlg::OnInitDialog()
{
 CDialog::OnInitDialog();
 // Add "About..." menu item to system menu.
 // IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.
 ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);
 ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);

 CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);
 if (pSysMenu != NULL)
 {
  CString strAboutMenu;
  strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);
  if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty())
  {
   pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);
   pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);
  }
 }
 // Set the icon for this dialog. The framework does this automatically
 // when the application's main window is not a dialog
 SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE); // Set big icon
 SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE); // Set small icon
 // TODO: Add extra initialization here
 hWnd=m_hWnd;
 if (DdeInitialize(&idlnst,(PFNCALLBACK)DdeCallback,APPCMD_FILTERINITS|
CBF_FAIL_EXECUTES|CBF_SKIP_CONNECT_CONFIRMS|CBF_FAIL_SELFCONNECTIONS|
CBF_FAIL_POKES,0))
 {
  MessageBox("DDE SERVER初始化失败!");
  return FALSE;
 }
 hlnst=AfxGetApp()->m_hInstance;
 //创建DDE string
 hszApp=DdeCreateStringHandle(idlnst,szApp,0);
 hszTopic=DdeCreateStringHandle(idlnst,szTopic,0);
 for(int I=0;I<NITEM;I++)
  hszItem[I]=DdeCreateStringHandle(idlnst,pszItem[I],0);
  //注册服务;
  DdeNameService(idlnst,hszApp,0,DNS_REGISTER);
  bConnect=FALSE;
  SetTimer(1,1000,NULL);//开始定时;
  return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control
}

void CDdedemoDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{
 if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX)
 {
  CAboutDlg dlgAbout;
  dlgAbout.DoModal();
 }
 else
 {
  CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);
 }
}
// If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below
// to draw the icon. For MFC applications using the document/view model,
// this is automatically done for you by the framework.
void CDdedemoDlg::OnPaint()
{
 if (IsIconic())
 {
  CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting
  SendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);
  // Center icon in client rectangle
  int cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);
  int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);
  CRect rect;
  GetClientRect(&rect);
  int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;
  int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;
  // Draw the icon
  dc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);
 }
 else
 {
  CDialog::OnPaint();
 }
}

// The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags
// the minimized window.
HCURSOR CDdedemoDlg::OnQueryDragIcon()
{
 return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;
}

void CDdedemoDlg::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent)
{
 // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
 count++;
 ServerData[1].Format("%d",count);
 SetDlgItemText(IDC_STATIC1,ServerData[1]);
 DdePostAdvise(idlnst,hszTopic,hszItem[1]);//通知更新;
 if(!bConnect)//如果没有建立连接
 {
  hConv=DdeConnect(idlnst,hszApp,hszTopic,NULL);
  //连接服务器端;
  if(hConv) //如果建立成功
  {
   DWORD dwResult;
   bConnect=TRUE;
   for(int I=0;I<NITEM;I++)
    DdeClientTransaction(NULL,0,hConv,hszItem[I],CF_TEXT,XTYP_ADVSTART,
TIMEOUT_ASYNC,&dwResult);
  }
 }
 CDialog::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}

void CDdedemoDlg::OnDestroy()
{
 CDialog::OnDestroy();
 // TODO: Add your message handler code here
 KillTimer(1);//销毁定时;
 DdeNameService(idlnst,0,0,DNS_UNREGISTER);//注销服务;
 DdeFreeStringHandle(idlnst,hszApp);
 DdeFreeStringHandle(idlnst,hszTopic);
 for(int I=0;I<NITEM;I++)
  DdeFreeStringHandle(idlnst,hszItem[I]);
  DdeUninitialize(idlnst);
}

void CDdedemoDlg::OnChangeEdit1()
{
 // TODO: If this is a RICHEDIT control, the control will not
 // send this notification unless you override the CDialog::OnInitDialog()
 // function and call CRichEditCtrl().SetEventMask()
 // with the ENM_CHANGE flag ORed into the mask.
 // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here
 UpdateData();
 ServerData[0]=m_edit;
 DdePostAdvise(idlnst,hszTopic,hszItem[0]); //通知DDE更新该数据项目;
}

四、小结

Windows提供了很多方法来实现进程之间的通信,相互传递数据,如通过系统剪贴板方法、共享DLL方法、管道方法等,这些方法的存在保证了程序的健壮性和鲁棒性(稳定性),有兴趣的读者可以自行参考有关资料。

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Tags:Visual 进程 数据通信

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