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SQL Server 2008 对 T-SQL 语言的增强

 2007-07-15 09:46:28 来源:WEB开发网   
核心提示: 这个新增的 Transaction SQL 语句在一个基于源数据连接结果集的目标表上执行 INSERT、UPDATE 和 DELETE 操作,该语法允许您将一个数据源连接到目标表或视图上,SQL Server 2008 对 T-SQL 语言的增强(4),然后在连接后的结果集上执行多种操作,

这个新增的 Transaction SQL 语句在一个基于源数据连接结果集的目标表上执行 INSERT、UPDATE 和 DELETE 操作。该语法允许您将一个数据源连接到目标表或视图上。然后在连接后的结果集上执行多种操作。

MERGE 的语法为:

[ WITH <common_table_expression> [,...n] ]
MERGE
[ TOP ( expression ) [ PERCENT ] ]
[ INTO ] target_table [ [ AS ] table_alias ]
    [ WITH ( <merge_hint> ) ]
USING <table_source>
ON <search_condition>
[ WHEN MATCHED [ AND <search_condition> ]
    THEN <merge_matched> ]
[ WHEN [TARGET] NOT MATCHED [ AND <search_condition> ]
    THEN <merge_not_matched> ]
[ WHEN SOURCE NOT MATCHED [ AND <search_condition> ]
    THEN <merge_ matched> ]
<output_clause>
[ OPTION ( <query_hint> [ ,...n ] ) ]  
;
<merge_hint>::=
    { [ <table_hint_limited> [ ,...n ] ]
  [ [ , ] INDEX ( index_val [ ,...n ] ) ] }
<table_source> ::=
{
    table_or_view_name [ [ AS ] table_alias ] [ <tablesample_clause> ]
        [ WITH ( table_hint [ [ , ]...n ] ) ]
  | rowset_function [ [ AS ] table_alias ]
        [ ( bulk_column_alias [ ,...n ] ) ]
  | user_defined_function [ [ AS ] table_alias ]
  | OPENXML <openxml_clause>
  | derived_table [ AS ] table_alias [ ( column_alias [ ,...n ] ) ]
  | <joined_table>
  | <pivoted_table>
  | <unpivoted_table>
}
<merge_matched>::=
        { UPDATE SET <set_clause> | DELETE }
<set_clause>::=
  { column_name = { expression | DEFAULT | NULL }
 | { udt_column_name. { { property_name = expression
    | field_name = expression }
    | method_name ( argument [ ,...n ] ) } }
 | column_name { .WRITE ( expression , @Offset , @Length ) }
 | @variable = expression
  } [ ,...n ]
<merge_not_matched>::=
    INSERT [ ( <column_list> ) ]
        { VALUES ( <values_list> )
       | DEFAULT VALUES }
<output_clause>::=
{
  [ OUTPUT <dml_select_list> INTO { @table_variable | output_table }
    [ (column_list) ] ]
    [ OUTPUT <dml_select_list> ]
}
<dml_select_list>::=
{ <column_name> | scalar_expression } [ [AS] column_alias_identifier ]
   [ ,...n ]
<column_name> ::=
  { DELETED | INSERTED | from_table_name } . { * | column_name }
  | $ACTION

示例:在一条 SQL 语句中使用 WHERE 在一张表上执行 UPDATE 和 DELETE 操作

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Tags:sql server sql

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